Expert Epilepsy Treatment by Dr. Vishal Chafale, Navi Mumbai
What is Epilepsy ?
Epilepsy is a chronic disorder that causes unprovoked, recurrent seizures. A seizure is a sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain that can affect how a person appears or acts for a short time. Epilepsy is usually diagnosed after a person has had at least two unprovoked seizures.
Genetic Factors -
- Some types of epilepsy run in families.
- Specific genetic mutations linked to epilepsy.
Structural Brain Changes -
- Traumatic brain injury (TBI).
- Stroke.
- Brain tumors.
- Scarring from previous brain injuries.
Infections -
- Meningitis.
- Encephalitis.
- HIV.
- Neurocysticercosis.
Chemical Imbalances -
- Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia).
- Electrolyte imbalances.
- Certain metabolic disorders.
Neurodevelopmental Disorders -
- Autism Spectrum Disorders.
- Neurofibromatosis.
Recurrent Seizures
- Primary symptom of epilepsy.
- Vary in type and severity.
Temporary Confusion
- Post-seizure confusion and disorientation.
Staring Spells
- Brief lapses in attention.
- Often mistaken for daydreaming.
Uncontrollable Jerking Movements
- Sudden, involuntary muscle twitches.
Loss of Consciousness or Awareness
- Varies depending on seizure type.
Psychic Symptoms
- Fear, anxiety, déjà vu, or jamais vu experiences.
Avoiding Triggers -
- Identifying and avoiding personal seizure triggers (e.g., lack of sleep, stress, alcohol, flashing lights).
Healthy Diet
- Balanced diet.
- Ketogenic diet (high-fat, low-carbohydrate) may help some patients.
Regular Exercise
- Promotes overall health.
- Helps manage stress.
FAQ'S
The main causes of epilepsy can include genetic factors, brain injuries, infections, metabolic disorders, and neurodevelopmental disorders.
Yes, epilepsy can affect pregnancy. However, with proper medical care, many women with epilepsy can have healthy pregnancies and babies. It is essential to work closely with healthcare providers to manage the condition during pregnancy.
Epilepsy can have a genetic component, but not all types are inherited. A family history of epilepsy can increase the risk, but environmental factors and brain injuries also play a significant role.
If someone is having a seizure:
- Stay calm and ensure their safety.
- Clear the area of any dangerous objects.
- Place something soft under their head.
- Do not restrain them or put anything in their mouth.
- Time the seizure.
- After the seizure, help them to a safe place and stay with them until fully alert.
- Get medical help if the seizure lasts longer than five minutes, if they have trouble breathing, or if they do not regain consciousness.
Yes, lifestyle changes like getting enough sleep, managing stress, avoiding seizure triggers, and following a healthy diet can help manage epilepsy. Regular exercise and maintaining a consistent medication regimen are also crucial.
To support someone with epilepsy:
- Educate yourself about the condition.
- Help them avoid known seizure triggers.
- Ensure they take their medication regularly.
- Be prepared to assist during a seizure.
- Offer emotional support and understanding.
Conclusion
Epilepsy is a complex neurological disorder that need careful management and understanding. While it can present significant challenges, many people with epilepsy lead full, active lives with appropriate treatment and support. If you or someone you know is living with epilepsy, consult a doctor for personalized advice and treatment options.